Apparatus for the manufacture of carbonized fuel



Oct 18 1927' s. 2. ILLJNGWORTH APPARATUS FOR 'hij MANUFATUREI OF CARFVN Filed sept. 27. 1924 ZED FUEL .STEL/Aki' h. ILILNLSWORTH Inn-envi" lv his Attori Js,

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBONIZED FUEL Filed Sept, 27, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 lwvnwtcr LTEWART H. IITINGWRTH PY his Htvwncy:

1,645,861 Oct' 18 1927 s. R. ILLINGWORTH APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBCNIZED FUEL File-d Sept.' 27. 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Inventor- By his AttfwnPj/v,

-50 cooli Panarea oci. 1a, i927.

UNITED STATES l 1,645,861 PATENT orifice.

STEWART ROY ILLINGWORTH, F RADYB., WALES, ASSIGNOR T0 THE ILLINGWOBTH CARBONIZATION COMPANY, LIMITED, OF MANCHESTER, ENGLAND. l

AJPPABATUS FOB THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBONIZED FUEL.

Application tiled September 27, 1924, Serial No. 740,339. and in Great Britain October 29, 1823.

This invention relates to apparatus to be used in the manufacture of carbonized fuel, particularly shaped fuel, produced by 'the carbonization of coal which does not expand during 'carbonzation According to this invention the apparatus comprises a bricku'ork setting havlng in it a number of'heat conducting plates of iron extending partially across the retort. The

l0 plates are preferably of H section in which case flucs are arranged at the ends of the plates. The arrangement of the plates is preferably such that there is formed a brick netort settin containing a number of upl5 wardly tapering retorts that are less than 7 inches in widtlh at the base but greater than 2 inches at the top and in which the taper is not lesslthan one tenth of an inch per foot of height.

? Above the retort setting is a storage hopper for supplying coals into n. number of measuring chambers which are closed at the bottom by asliding door, and leading from each measuring chamber is a pipe secured to g5 the mcasurin chamber which can be raised or lowered re s tively to the storage hopper.

The retorts are rovided with doors and arran ed below the retorts are brick or cast iron c amberswhich may be used either as chambers for the products falling from t e'retorts when the doors are opened, or they ma befused for the further carbonization of t ese products.

In. 'the first case ues'surrounding the chambers are employed for the circulation of cir or gas which 1s led, to the flues which surround thoretorts and in which combustion takes place.

In the latter case combustion takes place @in the fines surrounding the chambers, .the hot gases passing to the above mentioned dues surrounding the retorts. lA number of horizontal passages lead from these ues to spaces surrounding the retorts. I l

n the above arran ements the chambers below the retorts or t e lower part of the furnace ma be used asa gas producer, the.

hotgases t ererom beingpled to the nues surrounding the cast.,iron retorts. Such 5@ dues may consist solei of n space between the iron retorts and t e walls of the producer. The gases after being cooled by heating the retorts may be mixed with the ases produced in the retorts, the amount o ,gas generated being regidated by the amount ot "a storage hopper 12 supplying coal .to measair supplied. By means of such an arrange' ment the burners usually situated at the bottom of the furnace can be dispensed with. The amount of gas generated is'so adjusted that suicicnt heat is supplied to the retorts to carbonize the coal therein. The carbonized coal which passes downwards into' the lower half of the producer (and which is not required for the generation of gas) can be withdrawn from the producer from time to time and utilized for smokeless fuel or coke. Small coal unsuitable for producer work is thus utilized in a producer or converted into smokeless fuel.

The accompanying drawings show apparatus made in accordance with this invention, Figures 1 and 2 are sections at right angles to one another and Figure 3 is a horizontal section to a larger scale showing the arrangement of the division plates when H section plates are employed. Figures 4 and 5 show to a larger scale the fuel feeding mechanism shownl in Figures 1 and 2 and are elevations at right angles to each other.

l0 is a vertical retort setting of brick, 80 work containing small tapering retorts 11v separated by plates 110 havingesections .as shown in Figure 3. Above the retort settings 1() isa fuel feed mechanism in which vuring chambers 13v and pipes 14leading to the `retorts are so constructed that they may befmounted on Wheeled-7 which run in two directions on girders 18 above batteries of retorts 10. A door 120 at the bottom ot-the hopper 12 and a door 130 at the bottom of the measuring chambers 1'3 are operated by a. common handle 19. The 'apparatus is traversed along the grder's'18 by means of chains 20 and chain wheels 200 and above the batteries of Yretorts lother storage hoppers 21 are provided. l

At the bottom of the retorts 11 are doors 22 mounted on shafts 220 turning in bearings 221 and below the retorts 11 are'cham- 190 bers 26 provided with outlet doors 27. Around the chambers 26 are iiues 260 which lead to iues 23 in the retort walls and thence by horizontal openings 230 to spaces 231 between the; brick walls of the retorts 10 and X05 the outer walls of the small retorts 11. When l,the chambers 2 6 are used as carbonizmg chambers the combustion takes place in the iiues 260 and hot gases pass to the dues 23, horizontal openings-230 and spaces l?? No. 1,496,054` are emplo It ,is preferred that tli'e retorts 11 should taper upwards and that the cross section of a retort at its narrowest art should notv exceed 7 inches and should at least 2 inches andthat the taper should be not -less than one tenth of an inch per foot of height. The retorts I1m''nher'discharged before the full eriod of car nization has taken lace, say

om 25'to 40% of the full period, e nding g n the cross section of the retorts. rbonization is completed in the lower parts of the retorts 10. he temperature employed in the upper half of the retorts 10 may be the same or different from that in the' lower pa`rt, for example if smokeless fuel is being made thee temperature should be the same, say 600 C., but when coke is being made the upper part should be maintained at 600 U. and the lower part at any higher temperature.

In the forms shown in Figure 3 the outer plates are of channel iron formation while the intermediate lates are Hfsection. Of' course the outer ates might'also he H-section ifI desired. Ipn order toobtain taperin desired, the outerl faces 'of the H-plates an the channel-plates must taper from,end

to end.

The upper ends of the retorts may be closed during the heating by any desired form f cover which can be moved to inoperativepostion to paomoteV char ing of the retort. Any-desired means for rawn i olf the volatile products from the upper en of the retort may also be provided. These features form no part of the invention claimed and are therefore not illustrated or described in detail.

The coal before being fed to the moulds should be dried and should preferably not contain more than 2 orl 3% moisture.

It willbe seen that the process described in this specification is similar to that Aclaimed in the vspecification of my Patent No. 1,496,054 asthe coal is 'supplied to a number of moulds or retorts and 1s heated to form l eating said retorts.

a 'briquette with a' shell strong enough to revent the fracture of the bril nette in fallm 'from the mould or retort, yt e briquettes being afterwards deliveredfrom the moulds or retorts into a retort which in the present case is the same retort in which' they have already been heated.

WhatIclaim is:- I Y ,A 1. A paratus for the manufacture of carboniz fuel'comprising a brick setting having an .interior chamber, plates of iron of H section sitioned within said' chamber and s aced rom the walls thereof and formin a urality of small retorts, and means or etpp'aratus for the manufacture of carz fuel comprisinga brick setting havanj interior chamber, lates of immo! H section positioned vvvithm said chamber andspac'ed from the walls thereofl'aml 'forming a plurality of'small upwar 4"tapering retorts, and means for heat` said retorts.

3. A paratus for themanu acture'of carbonize fuel comprising'a brick setting havf ing an interior chamber, plates of-ironof H Section positioned within lsaid-chamber and spaced from the walls thereof and formin a p urality of retorts from 2 to 7 inches Ade atjtheir narrowest portion and tapering at least 116 of an inch per foot of length, and means for heatin ysaid retorts.

4. Apparatus or the manufacture ofvcar bonized fuel comprising a brick setting having an interior chamber, plates of iron of l-l and channel section sitioned wthinlsaid 2. boni chamber and spaced rom the walls` thereof ,Y

and forming a plurality of smally retorts, u'esin the walls of said setting oommunieating with said chamber, and means fn:`A

heatingsaid retorts.V 5. A paratus for the bonize fuel comprising a brick setting hav in an interior chamber, plates =of ir'o-of an channel section i itioned withinfal chamber and spaced A'iifim other, the llues adjacent the first chamber communicating therewith.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my. name this 18th day of August, 1924.

STEWART ROY ILLINGWORTHH the walls thereof; and forming a lurality of small-retortsQa second chamber elo'w 1saidre'torts, and in the walls of the setting.. adjacentboth chambers and commjlncatingwith" eachvw manufacture' of carl 

